高效抗菌Cu2+-壳聚糖季铵盐/丙烯酸复合物的制备

以过硫酸铵为引发剂,在壳聚糖季铵盐（HACC）上接枝丙烯酸（AAc）并络合Cu²⁺,制备了具有高效抗菌性能的HACC-g-PAAc-Cu²⁺复合物.采用红外光谱（FTIR）和核磁共振波谱（¹H NMR）表征了壳聚糖季铵盐接枝改性前后的化学结构变化;利用紫外-可见吸收光谱（UV-Vis）、Cu²⁺选择电极和热失重分析（TGA）表征了壳聚糖季铵盐接枝前后负载Cu²⁺的能力;测定了HACC-Cu²⁺和HACC-g-PAAc-Cu²⁺对金黄色葡萄球菌及大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度,并对小鼠经口摄入毒性和兔皮肤敷涂刺激性进行了考察.研究结果表明,在壳聚糖季铵盐上负载Cu²⁺能够有效提高其抗菌性;接枝丙烯酸能提高HACC负载Cu²⁺的能力和抗菌性,Cu/HACC结构单元的摩尔比由接枝前的3：7提高到接枝后的1：1;对金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度由60 mg/L下降到9.2 mg/L,对大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度由37 mg/L下降到6.3 mg/L,无摄入毒性和皮肤刺激性.     

Cu（BF4）2，Cu（C3H7C00）2与双（二苯膦基）烷烃配体形成配位化合物的红外光谱

用红外光谱法对二苯基膦系列配体及其分别与Cu(BF4)2和Cu(C3H7C00)2形成的系列配位化合物进行了研究，讨论了谱带的归属和Cu(I)配合物形成前后相关谱带的变化规律，并参照元素分析、X—射线粉末衍射分析和热重分析的结果，讨论了所形成配位化合物的可能的结构模式。     

Cu(Ⅱ)离子对多巴色素作用的紫外-可见光谱研究

采用紫外 可见光谱法研究了在pH 6 5的缓冲溶液中Cu(Ⅱ )离子对多巴色素的催化作用。在通氮除氧的体系中 ,Cu(Ⅱ )离子显著加快多巴色素 (DC)于 4 75nm波长的褪色速度 ,并同时出现在 30 0～ 80 0nm波长范围内的全程吸收。实验结果表明 :Cu(Ⅱ )离子催化重排多巴色素生成的主要产物为 5 ,6 二羟基吲哚 2 羧酸 (DHICA) ,其反应前期对于DC为动力学一级反应 ;而且Cu(Ⅱ )离子可进一步催化 5 ,6 二羟基吲哚(DHI)和DHICA形成吲哚醌 (即吲哚 5 ,6 醌和吲哚 5 ,6 醌 2 羧酸 )的反应 ,吲哚醌一经生成 ,立即聚合形成黑色素。     

［Cu_2（Gly－GlyO）_2（4，4＇－bpy）（OH）_2］·9H_2O

将Ｇｌｙ－ＧｌｙＯ、４，４＇－联吡啶与Ｃｕ（ＮＯ_３）_２·Ｈ_２Ｏ在二次水溶液中反应，合成出以４，４＇－ｂｐｙ为中继基、Ｃｌｙ－ＧｌｙＯ为螯环的新型双核铜配合物，经Ｘ射线单晶结构分析确定该配合物晶体的化学结构式为［（Ｈ_２ＮＣＨ_２ＣＯＮＨＣＨ_２ＣＯＯ）Ｃｕ（ＯＨ）（Ｃ_（１０）Ｈ_８Ｎ_２）Ｃｕ（ＯＮ）（Ｈ_２ＮＣＨ_２ＣＯＮＨＣＨ_２ＣＯＯ）］·９Ｈ_２Ｏ．晶体属Ｐ　空间群，晶胞参数ａ＝１．１４１２ｎｍ，ｂ＝１．２２９８ｎｍ，ｃ＝１．４２６９ｎｍ，α＝１１３．８２°，β＝１０１．９１°，γ＝１０３．６４°，Ｚ＝２．最终一致性因子Ｒ值为０．０６８，Ｒ_ｗ值为０．０５７，标准偏差σ＝０．１９５１。     

Applcation of the Pitzer equations to the solubility of ternary aqueous nitrate solutions at 25°C

The solubilities of the ternary systems Cu(NO₃)₂–Ca(NO₃)₂–H₂O and Cu(NO₃)₂–Mg(NO₃)₂–H₂O at 25°C were calculated from the solubility data for the binary systems by using the Pitzer equations. The calculated solubility isotherms were confirmed experimentally. The activity coefficients of the components, the osmotic coefficient, and the activity of water were calculated from the experimental isotherms.     

Measurement of xanthine oxidase inhibition activity of phenolics and flavonoids with a modified cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) method

Various dietary polyphenolics have been found to show an inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase (XO) which mediates oxidative stress-originated diseases because of its ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anion radical (O₂⁻) and hydrogen peroxide. XO activity has usually been determined by following the rate of uric acid formation from xanthine-xanthine oxidase (X-XO) system using the classical XO activity assay (UV-method) at 295 nm. Since some polyphenolics have strong absorption from the UV to visible region, XO-inhibitory activity of polyphenolics was alternatively determined without interference by directly measuring the formation of uric acid and hydrogen peroxide using the modified CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) spectrophotometric method at 450 nm. The CUPRAC absorbance of the incubation solution due to the reduction of Cu(II)-neocuproine reagent by the products of the X-XO system decreased in the presence of polyphenolics, the difference being proportional to the XO inhibition ability of the tested compound. The structure-activity relationship revealed that the flavones and flavonols with a 7-hydroxyl group such as apigenin, luteolin, kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin inhibited XO-inhibitory activity at low concentrations (IC₅₀ values from 1.46 to 1.90 μM), while the flavan-3-ols and naringin were less inhibitory. The findings of the developed method for quercetin and catechin in the presence of catalase were statistically alike with those of HPLC. In addition to polyphenolics, five kinds of herbs were evaluated for their XO-inhibitory activity using the developed method. The proposed spectrophotometric method was practical, low-cost, rapid, and could reliably assay uric acid and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of polyphenols (flavonoids, simple phenolic acids and hydroxycinnamic acids), and less open to interferences by UV-absorbing substances.     

水溶性聚胺PEI与铜离子螯合物结构的测定及其分析应用

使用分光光度法与电导滴定法研究了聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）与Cu^2＋的配合过程，测定了二者所形成的螯合物结构。Cu^2＋与水溶性聚胺PEI可以定量地形成四配位螯合物，而且配合过程速度很快，螯合物稳定；在用PEI水溶液滴定Cu^2＋过程中，体系的电导率快速下降，在滴定终点电导率发生了清晰的转变。建立了测定Cu^2＋的一种新方法-PEI螯合作用电导滴定法，考察了各种因素对分析方法的影响，优化了分析条件。     

Electrochemical and optical bioassays of nerve agents based on the organophosphorus-hydrolase mediated growth of cupric ferrocyanide nanoparticles

A new biometallization route for detecting low levels of organophosphorus nerve agents based on organophosphorus-hydrolase (OPH)-stimulated formation of cupric-ferrocyanide (CuFeCN) nanoparticles is described. The growth and accumulation of these nanoparticles onto the surface of carbon paste electrodes, coupled with their favorable redox activity, allow the amplified electrochemical detection of nerve agents. The results clearly demonstrate the applicability of the biocatalytic formation and surface preconcentration of CuFeCN nanoparticles as a new and attractive bioamplification route and its potential for monitoring of a wide range of biocatalytic transformations.     

黄铜矿生产硫酸铜的工艺研究

本文研究了以黄铜矿为原料生产硫酸铜的主要工艺条件，给出了工业生产的最佳工艺参数，并对该工艺的关键进行了讨论。生产结果表明，采用该工艺，可使矿石中铜的回收率大于９５％，产品质量达到国标ＧＢ４３７－８０一级品标准。     

Synthesis and Study of Lactim Ethers of 3,4-Dihydrocarbostyryl and 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydrobenz[b]azepin-2-one

Alkylation of 3,4-dihydrocarbostyryl and 2,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenz[b]azepin-2-one using dimethyl sulfate and triethyloxonium fluoborate gives the corresponding lactim ethers. The reactions of lactim ethers with different compounds having primary amino groups (including ammonia, alkyl-, aralkyl-, and arylamines, amino acids, and related compounds) have been studied. Novel heterocyclic compounds based on the lactim ethers have been synthesized.